Abstract: In order to deeply understand the pyrolysis process of the lignite and in comparison with the spouted bed rapid pyrolysis of the lignite, a research was co nducted on the tube reactor pyrolysis experiments with Huolinhe lignite and the pyrolysis tar.The on-line connected Fourier infrared spectrometer was applied to detect t he pyrolysis released gas.The results showed that the Huolinhe lignite rapid pyralysis in the tube reactor and the rapid pyrolysis in the spouted bed were basically the s ame in the variation law.When the low temperature pyrolysis applied, the particle diameter of the lignite powder would have high influences.The thermal reaction of the pyrolysis tar would include the cracking and condensation.With the cracking reaction, the pyrolysis tar would generate CO, CH4, H2 and other gas and with the condens ation reaction, the pyrolysis tar would be converted to carbon black.Before reached at 600。C, the tar in the pyrolysis process would have twice weak reactions.