Abstract: In order to launch the environmental detection probe to 50～100 m in front of the rescue team in the rescue process of the underground coal mine disaster area, to have an early detection of the disaster area environment, to avoid secondary disasters during the rescue process and to ensure the safety of rescue workers, the early detection launching device is designed based on pneumatic principle. By mathematically modeling and calculating the data about the launching process of the device and the flight process of the probe after launching, the relationship between the launching pressure, the launching angle and the recoil, the exiting speed and the launching distance are obtained. Based on key parameters of launching moment and flight process, launching strategy of launching device in confined space of coal mine roadway is studied and analyzed, and actual launching test of roadway is carried out. The test results show that the theoretical design and calculation of the early coal mine detection launching device are correct and reasonable, and launching distance of over 50 m can meet the design requirements.It is concluded that the optimal launching strategy for restricted space of roadway is to launch it horizontally at the mid-line of roadway under pressure of 3～4 MPa in posture of semi-crouching.