Abstract: With the development of coal resources mining to the deep, the current polyurethane organic polymer grouting materials can not to fully meet the requirement of high ground stress, high ground temperature, and high osmotic pressure of occurrence environment and strong rheological properties, strong hygrothermal, strong dynamic disaster of the response of rock mass. In order to promote the development of polyurethane organic polymer grouting materials, including to enhance technical quality and extend the range of application. In view of the defects of polyurethane grouting materials such as high reaction temperature and poor mechanical properties due to massive heat release during the curing process, this paper summarizes the relevant research on modification and performance analysis of polyurethane grouting composites in recent years, firstly, the feasibility of polyurethane in coal filling reinforcement and water plugging seepage prevention was proposed. In addition, emphatically from the perspective of modification of polyurethane grouting material, the additives, traditional grouting materials, clay, solid waste, fiber and organic modified polyurethane were expounded in detail, and the grouting materials achieved new levels of mechanical properties and flame retardancy and cost control through the modified polyurethane.