Abstract: The paper analyzed the research status and features of the water solubility lubrication additives at home and abroad and in detail introduced the researc h and applications of the carboxylic and salt water solubility lubrication additive, water solubility organic metal type lubrication additive, the sulfur, phosphorus and other active element content water solubility lubrication additive, the boron content water solubility lubrication additive and the nano water solubility lubrication additive at ho me and abroad.Meanwhile in combination with the compatibility complexity existed in the study of the present water solubility lubrication additive and the limitation of th e experiment synthesis and the theoretical discovery stage, the paper analyzed and predicted the additive development tendency with the multi functions integrated wit h the lubrication, rust prevention, biological degradation and other features.