Abstract: In order to obtain the rational and efficient utilization of abundant coal resources in eastern Xinjiang region,the coal quality characteristics of Xinjiang Naomaohu coal were analyzed,and the direct hydrogenation liquefaction characteristics of Naomaohu coal in Xinjiang were studied.Hydrogen liquefaction test was carried out in two liter autoclave to investigate influences of temperature,reaction pressure,residence time and catalyst on hydrogen consumption,gas yield,conversion rate,oil yield and asphaltene yield.The results show that Xinjiang Naomaohu coal has high volatile matter,high vitrinite content and high hydrogen-carbon ratio in which hydrogenation liquefaction active components reach up to 96.4%.Naomaohu coal presents good liquefaction characteristics under the reaction conditions of 420 ℃,15 MPa and 60 min,coal conversion rate and oil yield rate reaches 93% and 65% respectively.So it is a high-quality raw material for direct hydrogenation and liquefaction.During hydrogenation liquefaction process,the addition system of ordinary iron-based catalysts is beneficial to the formation of light distillate oil at