Abstract: Based on the requirements of the sustainable development and environment protection,the paper stated the necessity of the backfill mining in mine.With the collection and analysis on the application of 20 typical backfill mining faces in China,the paper systematically stated the technical features and suitable conditions of the mine roadway heading with the rejects backill,conventional longwall mining with the rejects bakililfully mechanized longwall coal mining with rejects backlill,high water material backfill and others.The solid rejects backfill of mine roadway heading is suitale for minor output and important protected buildings places.The longwall ful ly mechanized mining with solid rejects and paste backfill is saitable for the meohanized coal mining and conventional mining under the protected buildings places. The high water backill materia is suitable for the mine with shortage of backfill material and a single seam.The coal production,backfill value ,coal recovery rate,cost per ton of coal,backfill rate,convergence value, subsidence value, subsidence reduction rate, deformation value and protected area were provide as the evaluation indexes of the backfill mining effect.Finally,a fruther study should be conducted on high efficient backfill mining,backfill space sealing and others.