Abstract: In order to effectively control and reduce the destructiveness caused by gas explosion accidents, continuously improve the explosion suppression theoretical system, based on the investigation of domestic and foreign related literatures on gas explosion suppression, and different types of explosion suppressing materials and explosion suppression mechanism, they can be divided into gas, water mist and powder. It summarized and analyzed the research progress of gas explosion suppression materials and explosion suppression mechanism in the four aspects of gas, water mist, powder and multi-phase composite explosion suppression, and proposed future innovation development trends.Most studies have compared and analyzed the differences of the explosion suppression effects of various materials through experimental research, combined with the changing rules of maximum explosion pressure,maximum explosion pressure rise rate, explosive limit, explosive power index,flame propagation,flame temperature and other characteristic parameters, and explained the explosion suppression mechanism based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.The mechanism of gas explosion suppression was analyzed mainly based on physical inerting combustible gas and oxygen concentration, cooling or absorbing heat in the explosion area, isolating heat transfer, eliminating key free radicals such as H, O, OH and other key free radicals produced by the explosive branch chain reaction of methane.It is found that the experimental detection methods that can effectively detect the microscopic mechanism of gas explosion reaction affected by explosion suppression materials are obviously insufficient. The composite explosion suppression of multi-phase materials has been a research hotspot in recent years. It has been found that when multiple explosion suppression materials are used in combination, there will be a synergistic effect. The explosion suppression effect is obviously better than that when a single material is used, but the mechanism of synergistic explosion suppression has not yet been revealed and should been further researched. The combination of explosion suppression laws of multiple materials, the precise disclosure of the collaborative explosion suppression mechanism, the use of advanced test equipment to detect the microscopic reaction process of the experiment, and the development of efficient and environmental-friendly new material explosion suppression agents will be the focus of future gas explosion suppression research.