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王新, 郭小铭. 越层水文地质现象及对煤矿防治水的影响研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2020, 48(8): 150-156.
引用本文: 王新, 郭小铭. 越层水文地质现象及对煤矿防治水的影响研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2020, 48(8): 150-156.
WANG Xin, GUO Xiaoming. Study on hydrogeological phenomena of across stratigraphic boundary and impact on prevention and control of mine water[J]. COAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2020, 48(8): 150-156.
Citation: WANG Xin, GUO Xiaoming. Study on hydrogeological phenomena of across stratigraphic boundary and impact on prevention and control of mine water[J]. COAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2020, 48(8): 150-156.

越层水文地质现象及对煤矿防治水的影响研究

Study on hydrogeological phenomena of across stratigraphic boundary and impact on prevention and control of mine water

  • 摘要: 地层沉积作用直接影响地下含水层的发育条件,尤其是不整合接触地层界面含(隔)水层特征会发生差异性变化;通过对地层不整合接触面处发育的风化带、古河床性质分析,利用沉积规律与水文地质结构概化和水文地质勘探方法,提出了地层不整合界面易造成地层界线与水文地质边界不重合的越层水文地质现象,即含水层跨过地层界线同时发育于不同地层之中。对不同类型的越层水文地质现象进行了分类分析,概化出“平行-减薄”型、“平行-增厚”型和“侵蚀-增厚”型3种主要的越层水文地质结构模型。结合我国现阶段主要产煤区的沉积地质及水文地质条件进行分析,研究了鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系煤田顶板直罗组砂岩含水层和华北地区石炭-二叠系煤田底板奥陶系灰岩含水层存在的越层水文地质现象及其对煤层开采的影响,并提出了考虑越层水文地质现象时矿井综合防治水措施。研究表明:侏罗系煤田开采顶板延安-直罗组地层间越层水文地质现象使得隔水层厚度减小,矿井水文地质条件更加复杂;石炭-二叠系煤层开采过程中,由于底板奥灰顶部的越层水文地质现象,使得底板隔水层厚度增加,可将部分奥灰地层作为隔水层进行利用,有助于煤层开采过程中的底板奥灰水害防治。

     

    Abstract: Stratigraphic sedimentation directly affects the development conditions of the underground aquifer,especially on the unconformity contact surface,the characteristics of the aquifer and aquiclude will be changed.Through the analysis of weathering zone and the paleo-bed characteristics of the unconformity surface of the stratum,then generalization of sedimentary laws and hydrogeological structures and hydrogeological exploration methods are used to study the structure of aquifers and aquifuges,it is proposed that the unconformity of the stratum easily causes the across stratigraphic boundary hydrogeological phenomena,that the stratigraphic boundary do not coincide with the hydrogeological boundary.It is expressed that the aquifer is forced to cross the stratigraphic boundary and develop in different strata.The different types of hydrogeological phenomena are analyzed,then three types of cross-layer hydrogeological structure models are generalized,namely “parallel-thinning” type,“parallel-thickening” type and “erosion-thickening” type.This paper analyzes the sedimentary geological and hydrogeological conditions of the main coal-producing areas in China,then studies the across stratigraphic boundariy hydrogeological phenomena and the formation conditions of Zhiluo Formation sandstone aquifer and the Ordovician limestone aquifer and their effects on mine water disasters in Jurassic coalfields in the Ordos Basin and Carboniferous-Permian coalfields in North China,and proposes comprehensive water prevention measures.The research indicates that the across stratigraphic boundary hydrogeological phenomena of Yan'an-Zhiluo Formation in Jurassic coalfield mining make the thickness of the aquiclude is reduced,so hydrogeological conditions more complicated.The hydrogeological phenomenon of the top of the Ordovician limestone in the Carboniferous-Permian coalfield increases the thickness of the aquiclude,so part of Ordovician limestone layer can be used as aquiclude,which contributes to the prevention and control of water disasters from coal seam floor.

     

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