Abstract: In order to cleanly,efficiently and reasonably utilize coal resources,based on coal consumption structure and pollutant discharge,the paper compares the main atmospheric pollutant emission factors of different coal utilization modes.The results show that the emission coefficients of the air pollutants in terminal and industrial kilns are significantly higher than that in thermal power and coal chemical industries.Then we studied the efficiency of energy conversion and end-use at different coal utilization stages,compared the cumulative energy efficiency of different utilization routes including pollution costs,and put forward the path of coal utilization at different terminals.Coking,lighting,industrial drive and transportation are priority coal direct power generation routes.Heating terminal should be the preferred coal direct power generation air sources heat pump line.In the transport sector,the energy efficiency of coal-to-oil (gas) is lower than that of coal-fired electricity drive the electric vehicles,coal chemical industry should give priority to the development of coal chemical products,rather than coal to oil (gas).According to the route selection priority of different terminals,the paper finally puts forward the urgent need to develop technology for clean and efficient use of coal in various intermediate links,in order to optimize the coal utilization structure，improve the coal utilization efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.