Abstract: The object of study is K2 limestone from the immediate roof of 15# coal seam in Jincheng area. The erosion of acid mine drainage was carried out on the polished surface，the polished surface was characterized by the surface profiler，and the influence of the surface topography was analyzed based on the action of acid mine drainage. The experimental results are that：under the action of acid mine drainage，the biggest particle count of particle size of K2 limestone surface shows a decreasing trend. The drainage has little effect on Rq and Rc，and has a greater impact on Rp，Rv and Rz. The main reason is chemical reaction to produce CaSO4 and CO2 gas，eroding the polished surface of the limestone.A large amount of acid mine water will be produced during mining activities at some mines in Jincheng area. In order to study the influence of acid mine water on the friction sliding stability of coal rock mass, the surface structure of limestone was analyzed quantitatively based on acid mine water.