Abstract: In order to evaluate the rock and soil stability with the acoustic emission technology, the experiment and numerical simulation method was applied to stu dy the acoustic emission features during the uniaxial compression and splitting process of the rock and soil from Chongqing Huangnibao.The study results showed that the rock and soil would have acoustic emissions occurred during the uniaxial compression and the spltting failure process and would have a good corresponding to the pressure.During the even loading, the acoustic emission occurred from the rock and soil would be in stable development tendency.At the micro fractures, the acoustic e mission would have obvious in response.At the pressure peak, an extreme value of the acoustic emission would be occurred.During the uniaxial compression failure pro cess of the numerical simulated rock and soil, the failure would be friability;the fracturing expansion would begin from the low strength element and would be steadily pe netrated to form the main fracturing with 45° .The acoustic emission would be good corresponding to the stress.The numerical simulation of the rock and soil uniaxial co mpression failure process and the acoustic emission could be closed to the experiment results and would be favorable to the uniaxial compression features of the syste matic and deep rock and soil failure process.