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高压水射流割缝增强瓦斯抽采及防喷孔技术研究

Study on enhanced gas drainage and borehole outburst prevention technology with high pressurized water jet slotting

  • 摘要: 针对平顶山矿区地质构造复杂、瓦斯含量高及煤层透气性系数低等赋存特性,提出利用高压水射流割缝实施钻孔割缝,使煤体卸压、增透,以达到增强瓦斯抽采能力的目的。结果表明,水力割孔比普通孔抽采瓦斯量大幅提高,割缝后邻近的普通孔的瓦斯抽采浓度分别为割缝前的1.1倍和1.9倍,可见采用高压水射流割缝时瓦斯抽采平均浓度较割缝前急剧上升,且割缝还"激活"了邻近的普通瓦斯抽采钻孔,致使瓦斯抽采浓度发生突跃。另外为抑制水力割缝诱发的喷孔现象,避免施工巷道瓦斯超限,还提出一种防喷孔装置,该防喷孔装置使巷道内最高瓦斯体积分数由0.61%降至0.3%以下,全尘质量浓度由75 mg/m3降至8 mg/m3左右,呼吸性粉尘质量浓度由20 mg/m3降至2 mg/m3以下,可见此装置不仅大幅降低了巷道内瓦斯浓度,还起到了显著的降尘效果。

     

    Abstract: According to the complicated geological structure,high gas content,low seam permeability coefficient and other occurrence features of Pingdingshan Mining Area,a high pressurized oscillation pulsed water jet was applied to implement the borehole slotting and thus the seam pressure could be released and the seam permeabilit y could be increased in order to enhance the gas drainage capacity purpose.The results showed that the gas drainage volume with the hydraulic slotting borehole could be improved much higher than the conventional borehole. After the slotting conducted,the gas drainage concentration of the neighboring conventional boreholes was increase. dby 1.1 times and 1. 9 times higher than the slotting conducted before. When the high pressurized water jet was applied to the slotting,the average concentration of the g as drainage was seriously increased than the slotting conducted before ,borehole slotting conducted could"activate' the neighboring conventional gas drainage boreholes an d could cause a jumping of the gas drainage concentration. Meanwhile,in order to restrict the borehole outburst phenomenon caused by the hydraulic slotting and to elimin ate the gas overlimit during the mine gateway construction,a borehole outburst prevention device was provided,after the borehole outburst prevention device applied,the hi ghest gas concentration within the mine gateway was reduced from 0.61% to below 0.3%,the total dust concentration was reduced from 75 mg I m3 to about 8 mg I m3 an d the respirable dust concentration was reduced from 20 mg 1 m3 to below 2 mg 1 m3. Thus,the device could not only highly reduce the gas concentration within the mine g ateway and could have an obvious dust control effect.

     

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