Progress in digital and intelligent technologies for complex giant systems in green coal development
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摘要:
分析了当前我国煤炭资源绿色开发面临的新形势和新要求，提出了煤炭资源绿色开发复杂巨系统数智化技术体系，以绿色开发模式为目标，以地质透明化为基础，将煤矿全要素数字化，完成煤矿所有信息的精准实时采集、网络化传输、规范化集成、可视化展现、自动化运行和智能化服务的数字化智慧体，通过融合一系列数智化关键技术推动煤炭资源绿色智能平衡开发与管控模式迭代升级；提炼“数智开采”技术，研发了数字煤矿智慧逻辑模型、复杂变形条件下“采场-装备”双动态系统耦合分析模型、开采设备群健康状态评估与剩余寿命预测模型等关键技术，提出了智慧逻辑模型框架下的开采系统智能化控制方法，智能开采复杂场景综采设备群姿态识别方法、全局最优规划策略及协同控制方法、设备健康状态识别与故障诊断方法；诠释“透明地质”概念，提出了透明地质保障技术路径，研发了精细物探与钻探、围岩条件动态监测、多源高精度数据采集、多源异构数据融合解译等地质透明化技术，创新了静态地质建模、动态地质建模、工作面精准地质保障、多源地质数据解译融合、多属性动态高精度建模、地质信息同步映射、矿山信息模型等地质数字化技术，分析了“透明地质”技术在地下资源开发地质构造探明程度、揭示煤岩物理力学性质、“三场”变化、隐蔽致灾因素预测等应用价值；分析了绿色开采技术，包括绿色减沉与保水开采技术和井上下协同治理与生态修复技术；围绕数智开采、透明地质和绿色开采3方面技术进行了案例解析，展望当前形势下，需亟待加速数据驱动下煤炭资源绿色开发与管理变革转型，推动煤炭行业高质量发展进入新阶段。
Abstract:Analyzed the new situation and requirements facing the green development of coal resources in China, proposed a complex and intelligent technology system for the green development of coal resources, with the goal of green development mode and geological transparency as the basis. Digitized all elements of coal mines, and completed the precise real-time collection, networked transmission, standardized integration, visual display, automated operation, and intelligent service of all information in coal mines as a digital intelligent agent. By integrating a series of key digital intelligent technologies, it promotes the iterative upgrading of green, intelligent, balanced development and control mode of coal resources. We have refined the “digital intelligent mining” technology and developed key technologies such as the digital coal mine intelligent logic model, the “mining equipment” dual dynamic system coupling analysis model under complex deformation conditions, the mining equipment group health status evaluation and remaining life prediction model, etc. We have proposed intelligent control methods for mining systems under the intelligent logic model framework, intelligent mining complex scene comprehensive mining equipment group posture recognition methods, global optimal planning strategies and collaborative control methods, equipment health status recognition and fault diagnosis methods; Interpreting the concept of “transparent geology”, proposing a path for transparent geological security technology, developing geological transparency technologies such as fine geophysical exploration and drilling, dynamic monitoring of surrounding rock conditions, multi-source high-precision data collection, multi-source heterogeneous data fusion and interpretation, innovating geological digitalization technologies such as static geological modeling, dynamic geological modeling, precise geological security of working faces, multi-source geological data interpretation and fusion, multi-attribute dynamic high-precision modeling, synchronous mapping of geological information, mining information modeling, etc., analyzing the application value of “transparent geology” technology in underground resource development geological structure exploration degree, revealing the physical and mechanical properties of coal and rock, “three field” changes, hidden disaster factor prediction, etc; Analyzed green mining technologies, including green sedimentation reduction and water conservation mining technologies, as well as well as collaborative management and ecological restoration technologies above and below the well; Case analysis was conducted around three technologies: intelligent mining, transparent geology, and green mining. It is expected that under the current situation, there is an urgent need to accelerate the transformation of data-driven green development and management of coal resources, and promote the high-quality development of the coal industry into a new stage.
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图 1 煤炭绿色开发复杂巨系统数智化技术体系架构
Figure 1. Theoretical framework of digitalization for green coal development
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图 2 知识分级抽取信息动态匹配算法
Figure 2. Knowledge grading extraction and dynamic matching algorithm for information
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图 3 超大采高工作面围岩应力场建模
Figure 3. Modeling of stress field in surrounding rock of ultra high mining face
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图 5 基于三维虚拟仿真的综采工作面自主开采系统
Figure 5. Autonomous mining system for fully mechanized mining face based on 3D virtual simulation
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图 8 微震-电法联合监测示意
Figure 8. Schematic diagram of microseismic electrical joint monitoring
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图 9 地质模型与监测信息融合示意
Figure 9. Schematic diagram of geological model and monitoring information fusion
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图 11 绿色减沉技术示意
Figure 11. Schematic diagram of green sedimentation reduction technology
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