Abstract: “Unbalanced mining” is the main reason that affects the coal mining efficiency. This paper reviewed the development of coal and rock cutting theory and cutting mechanism, the research status and progress of pick cutting mechanism and cutting drum were summarized. The relationship between geological conditions, tunneling equipment, and tunneling technology was introduced, and the development status of tunneling equipment and tunneling technology adapted to different geological conditions was explained. Based on the research of the existing cantilever roadheader, tunneling and anchoring machine and other main coal mine tunnel tunneling equipment, this paper analyzed the role of mainstream tunneling equipment and its technology in improving the tunneling efficiency of roadway development. By comparing domestic and foreign technical standards for mine development equipment, it is pointed out the lack of standards is an important factor restricting the development of coal mine development technology and equipment. The problem of reliability of tunneling technology and equipment can be solved by international benchmarking. On the basis of summarizing the present situation of dvelopment technology and equipment, combined with the current status of national policies, industry development, market demand and new technology application, etc., the future development direction and trend of tunneling technology and equipment are predicted from the aspects of basic theoretical research of roadway development, intelligent and complete equipment, tunneling robot group and modern perception technology.