Key technologies and practices for safe, efficient, and intelligent mining of deep coal resources

The geological conditions of deep coal resources are complex, and intelligent mining is the only way for the safe, efficient, and green development of deep coal resources. The complete set of intelligent mining technology and equipment that adapts to the complex geological environment of a kilometer deep well, controls the stability of surrounding rock, and drives the equipment to automatically advance along with the coal seam is the key to affecting safe and efficient coal mining, reducing operating personnel, and reducing labor intensity. Focusing on the theory of intelligent mining surrounding rock control for kilometer deep mines, the intelligent coupling relationship between hydraulic support and surrounding rock is proposed with strength coupling, stiffness coupling, and stability coupling, and a corresponding intelligent coupling control logic is formed. In order to break through the bottleneck of ultra-large mining height intelligent fully mechanized mining technology and super-high coal wall control technology, the “dual factor control method” for the working resistance of hydraulic support is put forward, the three-drum shearer and its mining method are invented, and the hydraulic support and supporting system matching with ultra-large mining height intelligent fully mechanized top coal mining are developed. To solve the problems of intelligent coal caving theory and surrounding rock control in fully-mechanized top-coal caving mining with ultra-large mining height, a control method that utilizes the intelligent coupling relationship between the support and surrounding rock to coordinate the mining and caving space is proposed. By studying the transport law of the top coal, the “saddle shaped” mining process of ultra-large mining height fully-mechanized top-coal caving is innovated. Then, an intelligent hydraulic support and supporting system for fully-mechanized top-coal caving mining with a height of 7 meters are developed. Aiming at the problems of long advance support distance and poor adaptability of support technology and equipment in mining roadway, a unit advance support with no repeated support and fast cycle self-moving is developed. An intelligent coal mining control system based on inertial navigation and precise geological model is developed, which solves the problems of intelligent control of equipment and continuous production in deep mine working face. Finally, a comprehensive management and control platform for intelligent mining of kilometer deep mines is established, achieving multi-source heterogeneous data fusion and control of major disasters in kilometer deep mines. The above intelligent mining technologies have been demonstrated and constructed in multiple working faces such as Zhaolou Coal Mine 7302 working face and Dongtan Coal Mine 3308 working face, and good application results have been achieved. The achievements have overall promoted the level of safe, efficient, and intelligent mining of deep coal resources in China, and can provide theoretical and technical references for the construction of intelligent chemical working faces in similar mines.