Research on integrated monitoring technology and practice of“space-sky-ground”on surface movement in mining area

Ground surface movement observation in mining area is the main means and basis for studying the law of mining influence，damage prevention， early warning of mining area geological disasters， design or optimization of mining damage reduction scheme.Due to the limitations of observation techniques and the complexity of the terrain conditions of the mining area， it is difficult to meet the actual needs meet the actual needs in terms of observation accuracy， observation efficiency， manpower investment， economic cost and data processing.In order to achieve high-efficiency and high-precision observation of surface movement of mining areas under complex terrain or large-area conditions， the precision level measurement， traverse measurement， GNSS measurement technology， InSAR measurement technology，UAV remote sensing measurement technology， and Lidar scanning commonly used in mining areas are described， as well as the advantages and disadvantages of technology in terms of observation accuracy， work efficiency， data reliability， etc.Aiming at the spatial location characteristics of sensors， data acquisition characteristics and and the fusibility of data， a combination of traditional high-precision measurement and modern high-efficiency and fast large-scale measurement was proposed.The integrated monitoring technology of air and space has established an integrated monitoring system for data collection， data processing and results display.It proposes high precision， high efficiency and low cost for data acquisition， and high quality and fast data processing.The results are displayed with intuitive and comprehensive air-space-ground integration monitoring guidelines.Using the method， InSAR， GNSS and 3D laser scanning technology were used to monitor and apply in Shendong Shangwan mine， and the distribution characteristics of surface subsidence were well analyzed.The results of collaborative monitoring results show that the surface subsidence area was 0.58～0.71 km2， the maximum sinking amount is 5 812～6 300 mm， and the subsidence factor is 0.68～0.72， which is consistent with the dynamic real-time monitoring results.The application results show that the multi-source data fusion method for air-space-ground integrated monitoring can meet the requirements of shallow-buried，high-intensity mining，complex terrain and vegetation affecting the surface movement observation of mining areas.