Abstract: The underground drilling plays an irreplaceable role in ensuring the safe and efficient mining， increasing the supply of clean energy and realizing green development.Since the reform and opening up， the underground drilling technology and equipment have achieved a historical leap from nothing to existence to weak to strong.Relying on the scientific and technological innovation of underground drilling technology and equipment， the geological support capacity of coal mine is continuously enhanced.First of all， from the aspects of mine disaster prevention and control， hidden disaster geological factors exploration， CBM resource development and other engineering applications， this paper comprehensively explains the demand of safe， efficient and green mining for underground drilling.Combined with monographs， patents， papers， standards and awards in the field of underground drilling underground coal mines， the development process and representative achievements of underground drilling technology and equipment in China in the past 40 years are systematically reviewed and summarized.In the aspect of underground drilling technology and equipment， the paper puts forward and develops the rotary drilling technology， the directional drilling technology of stable BHA and the directional drilling technology of MWD， so as to realize the leap from uncontrolled drilling to controlled drilling and then to precise directional drilling.Meanwhile， the underground drilling rig， mud pump(truck)， drilling pipe， drilling bit， DHM， MWD system， circulation purification system for flushing fluid are developed， which promotes the localization process and upgrading of underground drilling technology and equipment underground coal mines.And the system with independent intellectual property rights is formed which is suitable for the geological conditions and mining conditions of coal seams in China.In particular， the research and development of technology and equipment of high-power directional drilling， automation and intelligent drilling have raised the level of underground drilling technology to a new level， promoted the progress of coal mine safety assurance technology，and supported the release of scientific coal production and high-efficiency development of coalbed methane in China.In the face of a new round of energy science and technology revolution， in view of the new requirements for the development of coal mine safety under the new situation， the development of accurate and fast drilling technology and equipment characterized by informationization and intellectualization is imminent.On this basis， the development direction and suggestions of the underground drilling technology and equipment are put forward.