基于数值模拟的煤矿井下超大断面硐室支护优化
Support optimization of ultra-large cross-section chamber in underground coal mine based on numerical simulation
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摘要: 煤矿井下大断面硐室适合采用“锚杆锚索+混凝土砌碹”联合支护方案，但锚杆锚索与混凝土砌碹在支护中所起的作用尚不明确，具体支护参数也需基于工程经验确定，往往造成支护不足或支护过度。为解决煤矿井下大断面硐室支护难题，以某煤矿井下超大断面液压支架拆解组装硐室为研究对象，基于工程经验提出“锚杆锚索+混凝土砌碹”的初始支护方案，采用数值模拟方法分别针对无支护、锚杆锚索单独支护、混凝土砌碹单独支护、锚杆锚索和混凝土联合支护4种条件进行支护效果分析，基于数值模拟结果提出改进支护方案并进行工程验证。研究结果表明:采用工程经验和数值模拟相结合的方法能够实现煤矿井下超大断面硐室的合理支护，基于工程经验提出初始支护方案，采用数值模拟进行方案参数优化，可避免支护不足或支护过度。锚杆锚索与混凝土砌碹对煤矿井下超大断面硐室均具有良好的支护效果，混凝土砌碹的支护效果要远优于锚杆锚索。锚杆锚索适合作为预支护，减小硐室掘进初期的剧烈变形，混凝土砌碹适合作为永久支护，起主要支护作用。煤矿井下超大断面硐室支护适合采用锚杆锚索和混凝土砌碹联合支护形式，当围岩较破碎时，需要辅以注浆补强，可适当减小锚杆锚索的支护密度，以加快施工速度，并及时进行混凝土砌碹支护。Abstract: The combined support of bolts and cables and concrete masonry is suitable for the large-section chamber in underground coal mine. However,the role of anchor rods and cables and concrete masonry in support is not clear. Specific support parameters need to be determined based on engineering experience,which often results in insufficient support or excessive support.In order to solve the supporting problem of large-section chamber in underground coal mine,an initial support scheme of“bolts and cables + concrete masonry”was proposed for a hydraulic support dismantling and assembling chamber with a super large section based on engineering experience. The support effects under four conditions of no support,support with bolts and cables only,support with concrete masonry only and combined support were analyzed by numerical simulation,respectively.An improved support scheme was proposed based on the numerical results,and was applied to engineering practice for verification. The results show that:the reasonable support of ultra-large cross-section chambers in underground coal mine can be realized by means of combining engineering experience and numerical simulation.An initial support plan can be proposed based on engineering experience,then the support parameters can be optimized by numerical simulation to avoid insufficient support or excessive support. Both bolts and cables and concrete masonry have good supporting effects for the ultra-large cross-section chambers in underground coal mine and the supporting effect of concrete masonry is much better than that of bolts and cables. Bolts and cables are suitable as preliminary support to reduce the severe deformation in the initial stage of excavation,and concrete masonry is suitable as permanent support and plays the main supporting role. The combined support of bolts and cables and concrete masonry should be adopted for ultra-large cross-section chambers. When the surrounding rock is relatively broken,grouting reinforcement should be supplemented.In this case,the supporting density of bolts and cables can be appropriately reduced to speed up the construction speed and the concrete masonry support should be carried out in time.
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期刊类型引用(12)
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