Abstract: In order to explore the law of cutting coal-rock load and the evaluation method of high-efficiency fractured coal and rock mechanism, the simplified method of disk cutter structure is adopted, and the single tooth in disk plate is used as the equivalent analysis unit. In the construction of load theory model, the concept and algorithm of effective cutting thickness were obtained by numerical simulation, experimental and theoretical methods. The load curves of the cutting coal and rock were obtained by numerical simulation test and theoretical method, and the load characteristics and contrast characteristics of the radial cutting coal rock were diskussed. The results show that the numerical simulation, experimental and theoretical loads of the cutter teeth were consistent with the variation of the wedge angle, which verifies the correctness of the mechanical model of radial cutting coal. The theoretical radial load and the experimental maximum were obtained, and the average of the two decreased by 5% and increased by 14% respectively, the axial load mean theory and the test mean decreased by 19.5%, and the axial load direction showed positive and negative changes, and when fully wedged into the coal rock, the axial load direction was changed from downward to upward. The theoretical value of radial load is about 32% less than that of radial cutting test, and the axial load is about 27% less than the average test mean. The study on characteristics of fractured coal rock of axial vibration radial composite cutting method has practical significance for development of hard rock crushing mechanism.