采场三维充水结构地质建模及动态可视化实现
Geological modeling and implementation on dynamic visualization of three-dimensional water filling structure in stope of underground mine
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摘要: 为了精细刻画采场水文地质结构和跟踪充水要素的动态变化信息，提高矿井水害监测预警技术水平，笔者提出了三维充水结构可视化概念。三维充水结构由静态模型和动态可视化模型组成，静态模型是实体模型，动态可视化模型是在静态模型基础上嵌套充水水源和充水通道时空变化信息的可视化模型。静态模型依据地质、物探、水文地质等勘探数据，在三维开源几何内核Open CASCADE与DSI离散光滑插值算法、克里金插值算法相结合基础上构建而成的，用来展示采场尺度水文地质结构体的静态特征。动态可视化模型是根据工作面推采过程中水压、水温、应力-应变、视电阻率、破裂范围等动态信息，形成水压导升面、破坏深度包络面等动态衍生信息，在静态模型上嵌入上述动态衍生信息，实现充水要素（充水水源与充水通道）时空展示功能，该模型对数据更新响应时间少于10～20 s；以底板“下三带”理论为基础，提出依据“水压导升面”与“破坏深度包络面”是否叠置作为建立突水预警判据的技术思路。以葛泉矿东井11916工作面为例，通过采集地质、物探、水文地质、采掘工程信息，并融合传感器、网络连续电法、微震等充水要素动态监测信息，构建了采场三维充水结构可视化模型，将其应用于底板突水综合监测预警工程实践中，为11916工作面底板水害监测工程设计及智能化预警提供了新的技术平台。Abstract: In order to obtain detailed dynamic changing information on both hydrogeological structure and water filling factors from a stope of mine, thus improve the monitoring and early warning technology against mine water disaster, a concept of visualizing 3D structure of water filling is proposed.This three-dimensional structure includes a static model and a dynamic visualization model with the static model being a model of real body, and the dynamic visualization model is a visualized model from embedding the static model with temporal and spatial change information of water filling source and water filling channel.The static model is constructed based on exploration data such as geological, geophysical, and hydrogeological on data using the open-source geometry kernel Open CASCADE combining DSI discrete smooth interpolation algorithm and Kriging interpolation algorithm.The static model is created to demonstrate the static characteristics of the hydrogeological structure in a stope scale.On another hand, the dynamic model relies on a range of dynamic information such as water pressure, water temperature, stress-strain, apparent resistivity and fracture range, to generate derivative dynamic data such as hydraulic lifting surface and the floor failure surface.In the dynamic model, above dynamic parameters are embedded with the static model to illustrate the changes in time and space for water source and channel.The maximum response time for data updating of the dynamic model should be 10～20 s.Based on the theory of “three zones under the bottom” of the floor, we propose a new technical idea to create a water inrush early warning criterion based on whether the “water pressure rising surface” and “floor failure surface” are overlapped.The dynamic model was tested in No.11916 working face of east shaft of Gequan Mine.After collecting geological, geophysical, hydrogeological and mining engineering information, and by integrating essential dynamic monitoring information of water filling such as sensors, network continuous electrical method and microseism, a three-dimensional water filling structure visualization model of the stope is constructed, which is applied to the comprehensive monitoring and early warning system of the floor water inrush, and provides a new technical platform for designing the monitoring system of floor water hazard and the intelligent early warning for No.11916 working face.
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