液态二氧化碳相变致裂掏槽破岩试验研究
Experimental study on cutting and rock breaking by liquid CO2 phase transition fracturing technology
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摘要: 为研究液态二氧化碳相变致裂技术在掏槽破岩作业中的适用性问题，分析了应力波与高压二氧化碳准静态荷载共同作用下的二氧化碳相变致裂破岩规律，并通过搭建压力测试平台，实际测得二氧化碳致裂器峰值泄放压力可达185 MPa,致裂作用全部过程持续约200 ms，致裂关键参数有利于破断岩石，结合岩巷掘进的工程实际，试验了2种致裂方式的掏槽破岩方案，并对试验过程的爆破振动进行监测。结果表明：相较于方案一中每个孔安放单根致裂器，方案二采用了二氧化碳致裂器多管联爆的方式，结合合理的致裂孔与空孔参数布置，可取得更好的掏槽效果，掏槽区域布置6个掏槽致裂孔、2个中心空孔，每个致裂孔安放2根首尾相接的二氧化碳致裂器，致裂后形成的掏槽槽洞深度可达1.6 m，落岩体积约4.2 m3，形成的掏槽空间能够满足掘进需求，作业效率更高，并且在损伤累积效应作用下，槽洞底部的扩展裂隙可为下一循环的掏槽作业创造有利条件；此外，致裂过程最大振动速度为0.376 cm/s，振动、噪声、扬尘都较小，不会影响周边环境，证明该技术适用于掏槽破岩作业，为岩巷掘进、城市地下隧洞开挖等工程提供了新的作业手段和技术参考。Abstract: In order to study the applicability of liquid carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing technology in cutting and rock breaking operation, the law of carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing and rock breaking under the combined action of stress wave and high-pressure carbon dioxide quasi-static load was analyzed and a pressure test platform was built. The actual measured peak discharge pressure of the carbon dioxide cracker can reach 185 MPa, and the whole process of fracturing last about 200 ms, the key parameters of fracturing were conducive to breaking the rock. Based on the engineering practice of rock tunneling, two fracturing methods have been tested. The cutting and breaking rock plan was adopted, and the blasting vibration during the test was monitored. The results showed that: compared with the method of placing a single fracturing device in each hole in Scheme 1, Scheme 2 adopted the method of multi-tubebursting with carbon dioxide fracturing equipment, combined with reasonable parameter arrangement of fracturing holes and voids, which could achieve better cutting effect. Six fracturing holes and two central empty holes are arranged in the cutting area, and each fracturing hole is equipped with two carbon dioxide breakers connected end to end. The cutting depth can reach 1.6 m in the test, and the rock breaking volume is about 4.2 m3, the cutting space can meet the excavation demand, the work efficiency is higher.Under the effect of damage accumulation, the expansion cracks at the bottom of the cave couldcreate favorable conditions for the next cycle of cutting operation.In addition,the maximum vibration velocity in the process of fracturing is 0.376 cm/s, and the vibration, noise and dust wereall small, so that the surrounding environment would not be affected.This proves that the technology is suitable for cutting and rock breaking operation, and providing new operation means and technical reference for rock roadway excavation, urban subway tunnel excavation and other projects.
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期刊类型引用(6)
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6. 张天宝，常俊松. 市区狭小地铁深基坑二氧化碳致裂绿色施工管理研究. 环境科学与管理. 2023(11): 11-16 . 百度学术
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