Abstract: In order to solve the problems of long start-up time, large idling power consumption, serious equipment wear and tear and low transportation efficiency of coal mine belt conveyor under the control mode of “starting against coal flow and stopping along coal flow”, and it meets the requirements of the mine and the demand of the reliability of coal quantity detection of mining belt conveyors under the control mode of “starting and stopping along coal flow” of the belt conveyor transportation system and the “balance of transport capacity” of control method of the mining belt conveyor. A comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and deficiencies of the five commonly used coal flow detection methods (electronic conveyor belt scale method, nuclear scale method, laser scale method, ultrasonic distance measurement method, video image analysis method) of existing mine belt conveyors. A real-time detection method of the load distribution state of mine belt conveyor based on non-contact measurement and laser ranging was put forward. The factors affecting the accuracy and real-time performance of load distribution state were analyzed and solutions were proposed to achieve the overall measurement of the load distribution status of the mine belt conveyor. The judgment and the calculation methods of belt deviation were proposed and realized. A design scheme of multi-parameter detector for mine belt conveyor based on laser ranging was proposed. On the basis of above all, a method for verifying the load distribution status of mine belt conveyor was put forward. The results measured by the multi-parameter detector of the head and the measured values at the same position measured by the multi-parameter detector of the tail were verified; The control strategy of “starting and stopping along coal flow” system was proposed. According to the overall distribution of the load on the conveyor belt, the start/stop and speed adjustment of the belt conveyor were controlled along the direction of the coal flow, so that the belt conveyor was operated near the rated load. The control strategy of “capacity balance” system of mine belt conveyor was proposed, adjusting the coal flow rate of the branch mine belt conveyor and approaching the rated flow rate of main mine belt conveyor to improve the effective transport capacity of transportation system. The scheme can simplify the type and quantity of sensors used in the control system of mine belt conveyor, improve the integration and reliability, optimize the configuration of sensors, reduce the system cost and maintenance workload, and provide a reliable coal quantity detection scheme for “starting and stopping along coal flow” and “carrying capacity balance” of mine belt conveyor system.