Abstract: In order to accurately analyze geological anomaly detection question in coal roadway by Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) , using mine detection test tra cking method, the authors conducted out 52 times tracking test for the effect of advanced detection of the ground penetrating rada in Gubei Mine and Guqiao Mine of H uainan Coal Mining Group. Prediction distance was 2 390 m. This was validated by excavation. The authors studied the exporation depth, echo anomalies and anomaly detection accuracy of GPR in the coal mine. The results showed that GPR in the detection of roadway distance was to reach 50 m, and the anomaly method was mainly applied to detect echo anomaly characteristics. The accuracy of abnormality detection was 87. 5%. This method was better to guide the safety production of coal mine.