机械剪切对煤泥絮团结构特性及影响机理的研究
Study on structural characteristics and influence mechanism of coal slurry flocs by mechanical shearing
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摘要: 煤泥絮团结构对自身沉降有着显著的影响，针对煤泥水处理过程中存在水流剪切造成絮团结构不一，导致沉降效果不佳等问题，探讨机械剪切对不同分子量絮凝剂所形成的絮团结构的影响和絮凝剂结构的影响。通过PIV粒子测速仪对絮团的跟踪拍摄和分光光度计对上清液的测量，研究机械剪切对絮团结构特性、上清液粒度含量分布及透射比的影响，利用旋转黏度计和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了机械剪切对絮凝剂黏度大小和分子链结构的影响。
研究结果表明，机械剪切强度的改变影响絮团的粒径、有效密度、絮凝剂的黏度和分子链结构。机械强度增大使上清液透射比、絮团大小、有效密度出现先增大后减小的趋势，在转速300～400 r/min时，絮团有效密度最大达到673.14 kg/m3，粒径大于0.3 mm含量占比高达96%，上清液透射比达到最大值94.8%，絮团沉降效果最佳。机械剪切强度的提高降低药剂黏度，使得药剂分子链发生断裂，改变了药剂间作用力，降低药剂吸附性能，减小了网捕作用，影响药剂作用效果。在转速200 r/min时，不同分子量絮凝剂的黏度达最大值8.5 mPa·s ,絮凝剂分子链结构表现最为完整。通过改变机械剪切强度，促进煤泥絮团沉降，改善沉降效果，为高效固液分离提供技术支撑。Abstract: The flocculent structure of slime has a significant impact on its own sedimentation process. In view of the problems in the process of slime water treatment, such as different flocculent structure caused by water flow shear, resulting in poor settlement effect, this paper discusses the effect of mechanical shear on flocculent structure formed by different molecular weight flocculants and the effect of flocculant structure. The influence of mechanical shear on the flocculent structure, the particle size distribution and the transmission ratio of the supernatant were studied by tracking and photographing the floc with PIV particle velocimeter and spectrophotometer. The effect of mechanical shear on the viscosity and molecular chain structure of the flocculant was studied by using rotary viscometer and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results show that the change of mechanical shear strength affects the particle size, effective density, viscosity and molecular chain structure of flocculent. With the increase of mechanical strength, the transmission ratio, floc size and effective density of the supernatant first increase and then decrease. When the rotating speed is 300～400 r/min, the maximum effective density of floc is 673.14 kg/m3, the proportion of the content with the particle size greater than 0.3 mm is 96%, the transmission ratio of the supernatant reaches 94.8%, resulting in the best sedimentation effect of floc. The increase of mechanical shear strength reduces the viscosity of the agent, makes the molecular chain of the agent break, changes the force between agents, reduces the adsorption performance of the agent, reduces the net catching effect, and affects the effect of the agent. When the rotational speed is 200 r/min, the viscosity of different molecular weight flocculants reaches the maximum value 8.5 mPa·s, which indicates that the molecular chain structure of flocculants is the most complete. This research investigates the mechanism of the effects of mechanical shear strength on the sedimentation process of coal slime floc through changing the mechanical shear strength and promoting the sedimentation process of coal slime floc, which provides a technical support on the process of efficient solid and liquid separation.-
Keywords:
- slime water settlement /
- mechanical shear /
- floc characteristics /
- flocculant
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